Elastic-fluid turbine.



'H. L. BARTON. ELASTIG FLUID TURBINE. APPLIO'ATION FILED D110.i7', 1908.

Patentd July 6, 1909.

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a A Tron/v51 11y FACT INVENTOR. \-a E07 (a immediately adgacent to the mounting ele-v UNITED STATBES PAEENT OFFICE.

HENRY L-. BARTON, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE WESTINGHOUSE MACHINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

ELASTIG-FLUID TURBINE.

Original application filed larch, 1906, SerialNo. 261,421. Divided and this application filed December 17, 1908.

Specification-0i Letters Patent.

Patented July 6, 1909.

Serial No. 468,072.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it. known that I, HENRY L. BARTON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification, this a plication being a division of an application ed by me on March 22, 1905, Serial No. 251,421.

This invention relates to elastic fluid turbines and more articularly to bladin'g for turbines, althougli it is capable of being utilized in certain types of blowers and compressors.

In the manufacture of turbines, blowers and compressors in which the'moving blades and stationary vanes are calked or otherwise secured into annularly-extending grooves or channels provided in'the blade and vanecarrying e ements, it has been found-that the thin edges of the blades and vanes have a tendency to check or crack during the gaging operation. The gagin operation consists in twisting or turning the blades and vanes after they have been secured in place to the blade or vane-carrying element so that the fluid in passing through-them will be delivered at the desired angle. 'This checking or cracking occurs adjacent to the point where the blades and vanes enter the mounting groove or channel and it has been found more or less serious.

One object of this invention has been to overcome the tendency of the blade to check and crack during the gaging operation or after they are in operation in the turbine. While devising-means to this end, which,

broadly, consists in cutting away a portion 'ot' each edge ofeach blade and vane ata point ment, I found t at by shearing or otherwise cutting the blades and vanes at the portion adapted to lie within the mounting channel or groove and immediately adjacent to the top of the walls thereof, in the form of a dovetall that I could accomplish the double obj ect of overcoming the tendency to check and crack and also rovidin 'means for insurin b an extremely rigid connection between the blades and vanes and the elements to which the are attached.

n the drawing accompanying this application and forming a part thereof, Figure 1 is a element.

partial sectional elevation of a blade-carrymg element in which a blade or vane embodying my invention is secured Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a packing piece embodying myinvention; Fig. 3 is a fraginental section of the rotor and stator elements of a turbine in which blades and vanes are secured in or com ressor' is provided with a circumferentia ly-extending blade-mounting groove or channel 8 in which the bases of blades 9 are secured by means of packing pieces 10. The packing ieces 10 are adapted to be inserted into t1e channels betweenadjacent bladesand by being transversely expanded are caused to grip the walls of the channels and also the bases of the blades and to thereby secure the blades to the blade-carrying In order, as above stated, to insure an extremely rigid connection between the blades or vanes and their respective mounting elements, I undercut the walls of the mounting channels or grooves 8 and shear or otherwise cut away the portion of each blade lying within the channel so as to give it the form of a dovetail. The portion of the edges of the-blade outside of the but immediately adjacent to the mounting channels is also cut away and this overcomes the tendency of the bladesor vanes to check or crack in the thin edges .duringthe gaging operation. The dovetailed mounting portions of the blades are of such width and so proportioned that when the blade or vane is lo-- cated within a groove 8 and turned to the desired angle, relative to the axis of the" groove, the edges of the base ortion of the blade will contact with the sine walls of the channel and aid in positively locking. the blade to the carrying element. It will be seen that by turning the blade to an unusual position it may be inserted or withdrawn from the channel.

In Fig. 2 I have shown a perspective view of a calking and spacing piece as it a pears before it is transversely-ex anded. n Fig. 3 I have shown sections of two pieces after they are transversely expanded and secured hlltlmmmt into the grooves As it is desirable to draw or x 1rnde these calkine; pieces and there fter to cut the lengths and since it is necessary to so con struct each. piece that it will cornyalsteliy till the nortion oi the mounting channel in whic i it located after it has been tramvcrsely expanded, i provide a ridge 12 along the top and a depression 13 along the bottom of each piece. Such construction permits of drawing or extruding the piece in. long strips and also provides a piece that will accornplish the desired object. Each piece is provided with one concave face which cor responds in contour to the convex face of the blades and one convex face which corresponds in contour to the concave face of the blz' s. The pieces are located between the bla 1855 in a slot and by being subjected to a transverse yercssure a e expanded that their latera laces are forced into gripping contact with the fLCljttCGDl} walls of the mounting slot and so that their curved faces are caused. to grip and hold securely the adjacent faces of the blades. This construction securely and positively locks the blades in place and also prevents checking and cracking at the ed ges of the blades.

lnthe accompanying claims I shall. refer to bla .le-holdi11g elements, but itis to be understoo 1l that the Word blade is used in its broadest sense so as to include the blade ol" a rotor or the vane of a casing.

in accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, l. have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the means which. 1 now consider to repinto suitablel l i l l l l 1 2. The combinationwith a blade-holding element provided with an undercut groove or channel, a plurality of blades having their base portions cut away to conform to said channel, and spacing members between ads jacent blades to be spread byrneans of Fressure so as to grip the walls of the channe bases of the blades.

and

3. In combination with a blade-holding element provided with a groove or channel dove-tailed in cross-section, a plurality of blades having their base portions cut away so as to conform to said channel and spacing members between the blades and adapted to be calked or otherwise distorted so as to conform to said channel.

in testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name'this 15th day of. De camber, 1908.

v HENRY L. aileron.

Witnesses 4 1 CHARLES W. McGnnn, Geo. A. WALKER. 

